![]() ![]() Specifically, shoot number was standardized to 10–14 shoots per linear m cordon, and fruit-zone leaf removal was implemented on the morning-sun side of the canopy following fruit-set both years. Canopy management practices were standardized to minimize confounding effects from vine management practices during the growing season. ![]() Nine vineyards in four Pennsylvania wine regions defined by the Pennsylvania Winery Association (PWA) were chosen for the experiment in 2018 (Year 1) based on climate variability and representativeness of the number of wineries in the region that currently produce Grüner V.: two sites in the Northwest (NW), one in the North Central region (NC), one in the Northeast (NE), and five in the Southeast region (SE) ( Figure 1 and Table S1). As the first study to examine Pennsylvania Grüner Veltliner wines sensorially, results revealed sensory characteristics that can be useful for wineries and their tasting room staff in marketing these lesser-known white wines to wine consumers as the variety grows in popularity in the state. Significant sensory differences were found between wine regions, with some trends consistent across both vintages however, regionality based on compositional analyses was less clear. Chemical profiles of finished wines were examined through volatile, phenolic, and color analyses. Intensities of these attributes were evaluated in wines vinified under identical conditions from grapes harvested across nine Pennsylvania vineyards. Descriptive analysis was used to identify key sensory attributes of Pennsylvania Grüner Veltliner. The present study investigated the chemical and sensory factors that drive regional differences in Pennsylvania Grüner Veltliner wines through a controlled winemaking study across two vintages in 20. The influence of cultural and environmental factors on the sensory and chemical profiles of wines has been the subject of research investigation for many years, and an examination of these relationships can help determine whether wine regional trends exist. ![]()
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